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PART II

KISWAHILI STRUCTURE (GRAMMAR & SYNTAX)


In this part we will learn about nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, pronouns, tenses, possessive, and some elementary sentence construction.

Lesson -6

NOUNS - Singular and Plural


The folowing are some examples of singular and plural. Nouns in Kiswahili are put into various classes according to how those nouns change when expressed in plural form. There are other factors considered in classifying nouns. Grammertical details about Noun classes is not included here.For A detailed analysis of Swahili Noun Clases, click here



   SINGULAR                      PLURAL

     Chumvi (Salt)                 Chumvi (Salt)
     Simu (Telephone)              Simu (telephones)
     Embe (Mango)                  Embe (mangoes)
     Sukari (Sugar)                Sukari (Sugar)
     Maji (water)                  Maji (water)
     Meza (Table)                  Meza (tables)
     Kaptura (Shorts)              Kaptura (shorts)
     Kalamu (pen)                  Kalamu (pens)
     Samaki (Fish)                 Samaki (Fish)

     N                             N
     Ndizi (banana)                Ndizi (bananas)
     Nyumba (house)                Nyumba (Houses)

     M                                  WA

     Mwalimu (Teacher)             Walimu (Teachers)
     Mwanafunzi (Student)          Wanafunzi (Students)
     Mtu (person)                  Watu (people)
     Mtoto (Child)                 Watoto (Children)
     Msichana (girl)               Wasichana (Girls)
     Mvulana (boy)                 Wavulana (boys)
     Mke (wife)                    Wake (wives)
     Mme (husband)                 Waume (husbands)
     Mwanamke (Woman)              Wanawake (women)
     Bibi                          Mabibi
     Bwana (Mister)                Mabwana (


     M                                  MI

     Muhogo (Cassava)              Mihogo (Cassava)
     Mti (Tree)                    Miti (Trees)
     Mtumbwi (boat)                Mitumbwi (boats)
     Mto (river/pillow)            Mito (rivers/pillows)
     Mfuko (bag)                   Mifuko (bags)
     Mkono (Arm/hand)              Mikono (arms/hands)

     KI                                 VI

     Kisu (Knife)                  Visu (Knives)
     Kito (Jewel)                  Vito (Jewels)
     Kitu (thing)                  Vitu (things)
     Kiatu (Shoe)                  Viatu (Shoes)
     Kiazi (Yam/potato)            Viazi (Yams/potatoes)
     Kikombe (Cup)                 Vikombe (Cups)
     Kitabu (book)                 Vitabu (books)
     Kitana (comb)                 Vitana (Combs)
     Kitanda (Bed)                 Vitanda (beds)
     Kichwa (Head)                 Vichwa (Heads)
     Kidole (finger)               Vidole (fingers)
     Kijana (youth)                Vijana (youths)
     Kiti (chair)                  Viti (Chairs)
     
     ?                                  MA

     Daftari (note/exercise book)  Madaftari (exercise books)
     Pipa (barrel)                 Mapipa (barrels)
     Godoro (mattress)             Magodoro (barrels)
     Sanduku (suitcase/box)        Masanduku (Suitcases/boxes)   
     Shati (shirt)                 Mashati (shirts)
     Kabati (Cupboard)             Makabati (Cupboards)
     Gari (car)                    magari (cars)
     basi (bus)                    mabasi (buses)
     Sikio (ear)                   Masikio (ears)
     Jicho (eye)                   Macho (eyes)
     Ziwa (lake)                   Maziwa (lakes)
     Ziwa (breast)                 Maziwa (Breasts)
     Titi (Breast)                 Matiti (breasts)
 
     CH                                 VY

     Chakula (food)                Vyakula (foods)
     Chandarua (Mosquito net)      Vyandarua (Mosquito nets)
     Chombo (Vessel)               Vyombo (Vessels)
     Chanuo (comb)                 Vyanuo (combs)
     Chumba (room)                 Vyumba (rooms)
     Choo (latrine/toilet)         Vyoo (latrines/toilets)
     Chuo (College)                Vyuo (Colleges)
     Chetu (ours)                  Vyetu (Ours)
     Chao (theirs)                 Vyao (theirs)


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